(+)-(S)-Sotolone - curry, walnut (strongly caramelic) Odor threshold = 0.8 ppb (in 12% EtOH/Water V/V) Sotolon is also known as caramel furanone, sugar lactone and fenugreek lactone - it has the typical aroma of fenugreek or curry at high concentrations and caramel, maple syrup and burnt sugar at lower concentrations. = (+)-(5S)-3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylfuran-2(5H)-one Ref: Pons, A.; Lavigne, V.; Landais, Y.; Darriet, P.; Dubourdieu, D., Distribution and Organoleptic Impact of Sotolon Enantiomers in Dry White Wines, J. Agric. Food Chem.; (Article); 2008; 56(5); 1606-1610; Guichard, E.; Fournier, N. Enantiomeric ratios of sotolon in different media and sensory differentiation of the pure enantiomers, In European Food Chemistry VI; Hambourg, 1991.

(-)-(R)-Sotolone - walnut, rancid. Although the aromatic nuances of both enantiomers were quite similar, the perception threshold of (S)-sotolon in dilute alcohol solution (12% vol) was >100 times lower than that of (R)-sotolon. Odor threshold = 89 ppb (in 12% EtOH/Water V/V) = (-)-(5R)-3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylfuran-2(5H)-one Ref: Ref: Pons, A.; Lavigne, V.; Landais, Y.; Darriet, P.; Dubourdieu, D., Distribution and Organoleptic Impact of Sotolon Enantiomers in Dry White Wines, J. Agric. Food Chem.; (Article); 2008; 56(5); 1606-1610; Guichard, E.; Fournier, N. Enantiomeric ratios of sotolon in different media and sensory differentiation of the pure enantiomers, In European Food Chemistry VI; Hambourg, 1991.

Ionones, Irones, Damascones & Structurally Related Odorants

Acyclics (Alcohols, Esters, Acids, Aldehydes)

Lactones & Furanones

Sesquiterpenoid Related Odorants